Kukosa usingizi

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Kukosa usingizi
Mwainisho na taarifa za nje
Pronunciation
SpecialtyPsychiatry, sleep medicine
SymptomsTrouble sleeping, daytime sleepiness, low energy, irritability, depressed mood[1]
ComplicationsMotor vehicle collisions[1]
CausesUnknown, psychological stress, chronic pain, heart failure, hyperthyroidism, heartburn, restless leg syndrome, others[2]
Diagnostic methodBased on symptoms, sleep study[3]
Differential diagnosisDelayed sleep phase disorder, restless leg syndrome, sleep apnea, psychiatric disorder[4]
TreatmentSleep hygiene, cognitive behavioral therapy, sleeping pills[5][6][7]
Frequency~20%[8][9][10]

Kukosa usingizi (pia inajulikana kama Kupaa kwa usingizi) ni ugonjwa ambao unafanya watu hupata shida kulala usingizi. [11] Wanaweza kuwa na ugumu wa kulala, au wa kulala muda mrefu kama wanavyotaka. [12] [13] Kukosa usingizi kwa kawaida hufuatwa na usingizi wa mchana, nishati kidogo, kuwashwa, na hali ya mfadhaiko. [1] Hali hiyo inaweza kusababisha kuongezeka kwa hatari ya migongano ya magari, pamoja na matatizo ya kuzingatia na kujifunza. [1] Kukosa usingizi unaweza kuwa wa muda mfupi, kama siku au wiki, au wa muda mrefu, ukidumu zaidi ya mwezi mmoja. [1]

Kukosa usingizi unaweza kutokea bila sababu halisi au kusababishwa na shida nyingine. [14] Hali inayoweza kusababisha kukosa usingizi ni pamoja na msongo wa mawazo, maumivu ya kudumu, kushindwa kwa moyo, uzalishaji wa homoni nyingi za thyroxine, kiungulia, ugonjwa wa mguu usiotulia, kukoma hedhi, dawa fulani na madawa ya kulevya kama vile kafeini, nikotini na pombe. [2] [15] Mambo mengine ya hatari ni pamoja na kufanya kazi zamu za usiku na kukosa usingizi. [16] Utambuzi ni msingi wa tabia za kulala na uchunguzi wa kutafuta sababu za msingi. [17] Utafiti wa usingizi unaweza kufanywa ili kutafuta matatizo ya msingi ya usingizi. [3] Uchunguzi unaweza kufanywa kwa kuzingatia maswali mawili: "unapata shida kulala?" na "una shida kuanza kupata au kulala usingizi?" [9]

Siha ya kulala na mabadiliko ya mtindo wa maisha kwa kawaida ni matibabu ya kwanza ya kukosa usingizi. [18] [19] Siha ya kulala hujumuisha wakati wa kulala mara kwa mara, kupigwa na jua, chumba chenye utulivu na giza, na mazoezi ya kawaida. [7] Tiba ya tabia ya utambuzi inaweza kuongezwa kwa hili. [20] [21] Ingawa dawa za usingizi zinaweza kusaidia, zinahusishwa na majeraha, shida ya akili, na uraibu. [5] [6] Dawa hizo hazipendekezwi kwa zaidi ya wiki nne au tano. [6] Ufanisi na usalama wa dawa mbadala haujulikani wazi. [5] [6]

Kati ya asilimia 10 na 30 ya watu wazima wana kukosa usingizi wakati wowote na hadi nusu ya watu wanakosa usingizi katika mwaka fulani. [22] [16] [23] Takriban asilimia 6 ya watu wanakosa usingizi ambako hakutokani na tatizo lingine na hudumu kwa zaidi ya mwezi mmoja. [9] Watu baada ya umri wa miaka 65 huathiriwa mara nyingi zaidi kuliko vijana. [24] Wanawake huathirika mara nyingi zaidi kuliko wanaume. [8] Maelezo ya kukosa usingizi hutokea huko nyuma kama Ugiriki ya kale. [25]

Marejeo[hariri | hariri chanzo]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "What Is Insomnia?". NHLBI. Desemba 13, 2011. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 28 Julai 2016. Iliwekwa mnamo 9 Agosti 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "What Causes Insomnia?". NHLBI. Desemba 13, 2011. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 28 Julai 2016. Iliwekwa mnamo 9 Agosti 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "How Is Insomnia Diagnosed?". NHLBI. Desemba 13, 2011. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 11 Agosti 2016. Iliwekwa mnamo 9 Agosti 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  4. ↑ Watson, Nathaniel F.; Vaughn, Bradley V. (2006). Clinician's Guide to Sleep Disorders (kwa Kiingereza). CRC Press. uk. 10. ISBN 978-0-8493-7449-4. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2020-06-27. Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-08-05.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "How Is Insomnia Treated?". NHLBI. Desemba 13, 2011. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 28 Julai 2016. Iliwekwa mnamo 9 Agosti 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Qaseem A, Kansagara D, Forciea MA, Cooke M, Denberg TD (Julai 2016). "Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians". Annals of Internal Medicine. 165 (2): 125–33. doi:10.7326/M15-2175. PMID 27136449.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Wilson JF (Januari 2008). "In the clinic. Insomnia". Annals of Internal Medicine. 148 (1): ITC13–1–ITC13–16. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-148-1-200801010-01001. PMID 18166757. S2CID 42686046.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Dyssomnias" (PDF). WHO. ku. 7–11. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka (PDF) kutoka chanzo mnamo 2009-03-18. Iliwekwa mnamo 2009-01-25.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Roth T (Agosti 2007). "Insomnia: definition, prevalence, etiology, and consequences". Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 3 (5 Suppl): S7–10. doi:10.5664/jcsm.26929. PMC 1978319. PMID 17824495.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  10. ↑ Tasman, Allan; Kay, Jerald; Lieberman, Jeffrey A.; First, Michael B.; Riba, Michelle (2015). Psychiatry, 2 Volume Set (toleo la 4). John Wiley & Sons. uk. 4253. ISBN 978-1-118-75336-1. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2020-06-18. Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-08-05.
  11. ↑ "What Is Insomnia?". NHLBI. Desemba 13, 2011. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 28 Julai 2016. Iliwekwa mnamo 9 Agosti 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  12. ↑ Roth T (Agosti 2007). "Insomnia: definition, prevalence, etiology, and consequences". Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 3 (5 Suppl): S7–10. doi:10.5664/jcsm.26929. PMC 1978319. PMID 17824495.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  13. ↑ Punnoose AR, Golub RM, Burke AE (Juni 2012). "JAMA patient page. Insomnia". JAMA. 307 (24): 2653. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.6219. PMID 22735439.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  14. ↑ "What Causes Insomnia?". NHLBI. Desemba 13, 2011. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 28 Julai 2016. Iliwekwa mnamo 9 Agosti 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  15. ↑ "Dyssomnias" (PDF). WHO. ku. 7–11. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo (PDF) mnamo 2009-03-18. Iliwekwa mnamo 2009-01-25.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Roth T (Agosti 2007). "Insomnia: definition, prevalence, etiology, and consequences". Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 3 (5 Suppl): S7–10. doi:10.5664/jcsm.26929. PMC 1978319. PMID 17824495.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)Roth T (August 2007). "Insomnia: definition, prevalence, etiology, and consequences". Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 3 (5 Suppl): S7–10. doi:10.5664/jcsm.26929. PMC 1978319. PMID 17824495.
  17. ↑ "How Is Insomnia Diagnosed?". NHLBI. Desemba 13, 2011. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 11 Agosti 2016. Iliwekwa mnamo 9 Agosti 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  18. ↑ "How Is Insomnia Treated?". NHLBI. Desemba 13, 2011. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 28 Julai 2016. Iliwekwa mnamo 9 Agosti 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  19. ↑ Wilson JF (Januari 2008). "In the clinic. Insomnia". Annals of Internal Medicine. 148 (1): ITC13–1–ITC13–16. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-148-1-200801010-01001. PMID 18166757.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  20. ↑ Qaseem A, Kansagara D, Forciea MA, Cooke M, Denberg TD (Julai 2016). "Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians". Annals of Internal Medicine. 165 (2): 125–33. doi:10.7326/M15-2175. PMID 27136449.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  21. ↑ Trauer JM, Qian MY, Doyle JS, Rajaratnam SM, Cunnington D (Agosti 2015). "Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis". Annals of Internal Medicine. 163 (3): 191–204. doi:10.7326/M14-2841. PMID 26054060.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  22. ↑ "Dyssomnias" (PDF). WHO. ku. 7–11. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo (PDF) mnamo 2009-03-18. Iliwekwa mnamo 2009-01-25."Dyssomnias" (PDF). WHO. pp. 7–11. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2009-03-18. Retrieved 2009-01-25.
  23. ↑ Tasman, Allan; Kay, Jerald; Lieberman, Jeffrey A.; First, Michael B.; Riba, Michelle (2015). Psychiatry, 2 Volume Set (toleo la 4). John Wiley & Sons. uk. 4253. ISBN 978-1-118-75336-1. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2020-06-18. Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-08-05.
  24. ↑ Wilson JF (Januari 2008). "In the clinic. Insomnia". Annals of Internal Medicine. 148 (1): ITC13–1–ITC13–16. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-148-1-200801010-01001. PMID 18166757.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)Wilson JF (January 2008). "In the clinic. Insomnia". Annals of Internal Medicine. 148 (1): ITC13–1–ITC13–16. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-148-1-200801010-01001. PMID 18166757. S2CID 42686046.
  25. ↑ Attarian, Hrayr P. (2003). "chapter 1". Clinical Handbook of Insomnia (kwa Kiingereza). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-1-59259-662-1. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2017-09-08. Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-08-05.
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