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Bomba la mafuta ghafi la Uganda –Tanzania

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Njia ya bomba la mafuta

Bomba la Mafuta Ghafi la Uganda–Tanzania (kwa Kiingereza: Uganda–Tanzania Crude Oil Pipeline, UTCOP), linalojulikana pia kama Bomba la Mafuta Ghafi la Afrika Mashariki (East African Crude Oil Pipeline, EACOP)[1] [2] linakusudia kusafirisha mafuta yasiyosafishwa kutoka Uganda kwenda Bandari ya Tanga, Tanzania, kwenye Bahari ya Hindi. [3] Baada ya kukamilika, bomba la mafuta litakuwa bomba refu zaidi duniani linalopashwa moto. [4]

Mahali

Bomba la mafuta litaanza katika kaunti ndogo ya Buseruka, Wilaya ya Hoima, katika Mkoa wa Magharibi wa Uganda. Litaelekea kusini mashariki kupita Masaka nchini Uganda, Bukoba nchini Tanzania, kuzunguka pwani ya kusini mwa Ziwa Viktoria, kuendelea kupitia Shinyanga na Singida na kuishia Tanga, [5] umbali wa takriban kilomita. [6]

Mandharinyuma

Uganda kuna akiba ya mafuta iliyothibitishwa inayozidi mapipa bilioni 6.5, ambayo karibu mapipa bilioni 2.2 yanaweza kutolewa. [7] Nchi imepanga kujenga kiwanda cha kusafishia mafuta katika Kanda ya Magharibi kukidhi mahitaji ya ndani ya nchi, na kusafirisha mengine kupitia bomba kwenda Tanga na soko la Dunia. [8]

Uganda hapo awali iliwahi kuwa na mapatano na Kenya kujenga bomba la mafuta ghafi la pamoja la Uganda – Kenya hadi bandari ya Lamu, Kenya. [9] [10]

Lakini wasiwasi kuhusu usalama na gharama zilisababisha kutafuta njia fupi yenye usalama kupitia Tanzania kwa kushirikiana na kampuni ya Kifaransa ya Total SA. [11] [12]

Makisio ya ujenzi wa bomba la kilomita 1445 ni USD bilioni 3.5. [13] [14] Bomba limepangwa kuwa na uwezo wa kupitisha mapipa 216,000 ya mafuta kwa siku. Litakuwa na kipenyo cha sentimita 61. Uganda italipa Tanzania USD 12.20 kwa kila pipa linalopita kwenye bomba. [15]

Wamiliki

Umiliki wa Bomba la Mafuta Ghafi ya Afrika Mashariki
Na. Jina la Mmiliki Asilimia Umiliki
1 Total SA
45.0
2 Shirika la Kitaifa la Mafuta la China (China National Offshore Oil Corporation)
35.0
3 Kampuni ya Bomba ya Kitaifa ya Uganda
15.0
4 Shirika la Maendeleo ya Petroli Tanzania
5.0
Jumla
100.00

Ujenzi

Baada ya majadiliano ya miaka kadhaa ujenzi umetangazwa kuanza mwezi wa Machi 2021[16].

Athari za kijamii na mazingira

Mradi huo unadaiwa "kuwaondoa maelfu ya wakulima wadogo na kuhatarisha mazingira ya wanyamapori na maji ya pwani." [17] Mashirika ya kiraia yameomba taasisi za wafadhili kutounga mkono mradi huo, yakitaja mifano ya athari za kijamii na kimazingira ambazo bomba litasababisha. [18] [19]

Marejeo

  1. Editorial (9 Agosti 2017). "Getting crude oil pipeline off ground is great leap". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2018-11-28. Iliwekwa mnamo 9 Agosti 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  2. Halima Abdallah (5 Septemba 2017). "Uganda seeks more land for oil pipeline". Iliwekwa mnamo 5 Septemba 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  3. Elias Biryabarema, and Fumbuka Ng'wanakilala (2 Machi 2016). "Uganda, Tanzania plan oil pipeline". Reuters.com. Iliwekwa mnamo 3 Machi 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  4. Gbenga, Ajifowoke Michael (2020-07-03). "World Bank approves $55 million IDA grant for Somalia". Ventures Africa (kwa American English). Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-07-05.
  5. Musisi, Frederic (7 Machi 2016). "Oil pipeline: Which way for Uganda?". Iliwekwa mnamo 7 Machi 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  6. Musisi, Frederic (16 Machi 2016). "Total readies UShs13 trillion for oil pipeline development". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2018-11-07. Iliwekwa mnamo 16 Machi 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  7. Patey, Luke (Oktoba 2015). "Oil in Uganda: Hard bargaining and complex politics in East Africa" (PDF). Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. Iliwekwa mnamo 28 Aprili 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  8. Ouga, Samuel (14 Agosti 2013). "Uganda's Oil Refinery – An Opportunity for transformation". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2019-05-29. Iliwekwa mnamo 3 Machi 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  9. Biryabarema, Elias (25 Juni 2013). "Uganda agrees to plan for oil pipeline to new Kenya port". Reuters.com. Iliwekwa mnamo 28 Aprili 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  10. Bariyo, Nicholas (25 Juni 2013). "Uganda, Kenya Agree to Construct Crude export Pipeline to Port Lamu". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2013-07-06. Iliwekwa mnamo 28 Aprili 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  11. Allan Olingo, and James Anyanzwa (17 Oktoba 2015). "Regional power play in tussle over new route of Uganda oil pipeline". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2017-09-08. Iliwekwa mnamo 3 Machi 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  12. Abdalah, Halima (13 Septemba 2015). "Oil firms prefer Tanga pipeline route to Lamu". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2017-09-08. Iliwekwa mnamo 3 Machi 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  13. The Independent Uganda (6 Agosti 2017). "Uganda: Museveni, Magufuli Lay Foundation Stone for Oil Pipeline". Iliwekwa mnamo 8 Agosti 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  14. Kidanka, Christopher (6 Agosti 2017). "Tanzania ready to take up pipeline contracts". Iliwekwa mnamo 6 Agosti 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  15. Barigaba, Julius (6 Machi 2017). "Museveni's visit to Dar rescues oil pipeline deal, sets project timelines". Iliwekwa mnamo 6 Agosti 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  16. [https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/construction-of-uganda-tanzania-crude-oil-pipeline-to-start-in-march-3303564 Construction of Uganda-Tanzania crude oil pipeline to start in March], Citizen 25,02,2021
  17. Pearce, Fred (Mei 21, 2020). "A Major Oil Pipeline Project Strikes Deep at the Heart of Africa". Yale E360 (kwa American English). Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-07-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  18. Karashani, Bob (Aprili 11, 2020). "AfDB says no plans to fund Uganda-Tanzania pipeline". The East African (kwa Kiingereza). Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-07-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  19. "SA's Standard Bank Group Faces Protest Over Pipeline Funding Plan". Naija247news (kwa American English). 2020-06-24. Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-07-05.

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